Which of the following refers to the measures that insurance agents take to assess risk?

The correct answer, which refers to the measures that insurance agents take to assess risk, is the underwriting process. Underwriting is a fundamental part of the insurance industry where potential policyholders are evaluated based on various factors such as their health, credit history, lifestyle, and other risk determinants. This assessment helps insurers decide whether to issue a policy and at what premium rate, reflecting the level of risk involved.

The other options relate to different aspects of insurance operations. Claims adjustment involves evaluating and processing claims after a loss has occurred to determine the insurer's liability. Audit investigations typically refer to reviewing and verifying accounts or operations within an organization to ensure compliance and accuracy. Policy analysis is more focused on reviewing the terms and conditions of existing policies rather than assessing the individual risks associated with potential new policyholders. Each of these elements is essential to the insurance process but does not focus specifically on the risk assessment that occurs during underwriting.